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Romania's Uneasy Reckoning with its Fascist Past

Despite efforts to rename streets and remove honors linked to fascist figures, Romania grapples with a collective memory that underscores its ultranationalist turn.

By Andrew HigginsSource: nytimes.com1 min read
Romania's Uneasy Reckoning with its Fascist Past
Image via nytimes.com

In brief

In Romania, a city council proposal to rename a street honoring a World War II fascist has been stalled, reflecting a larger struggle within the nation to confront its complicated history of fascism. Many citizens appear hesitant to reassess historical figures viewed as cultural icons, indicating an uncomfortable relationship with the past that fuels the rise of ultranationalist sentiment.

In the heart of Bucharest, a proposed initiative to rename an avenue affiliated with a notorious World War II fascist has encountered unexpected resistance, highlighting Romania's ongoing challenge with its historical legacy. Diana Mardarovici, the Bucharest city councilor behind the proposal, was optimistic that her request to honor a more progressive narrative would be readily embraced, especially given the figure's involvement in heinous crimes against the Jewish community. “I thought this would be peanuts, a piece of cake,” she noted. However, to her dismay, the proposal never reached a council vote. Mardarovici's colleagues, while not harboring outright hatred, demonstrated a reluctance to confront national misdeeds that could compromise their collective identity. “My colleagues don’t hate Jews. But they feel that admitting past crimes by people they see as heroes takes away from their national identity,” she explained. The move was part of a series of recent attempts to topple the reverence held for Romanian fascists, whose contributions to culture and anti-communist sentiments often overshadow the darker chapters of their legacies.One individual in question, Mircea Vulcanescu, serves as a case in point. A philosopher and economist, despite his post-war conviction for war crimes, he continues to be celebrated as a luminary of Romanian culture. This illustrates the broader sentiment among certain Romanians who remain fiercely protective of icons associated with their national history, complicating reform efforts. While some advocate for more progressive recognition of the past, the interplay between cultural pride and the acknowledgment of atrocities continues to hinder substantial progress in Romania's relationship with its history. As ultranationalism grows, the challenge of reconciling a collective memory with historical accountability becomes ever more pressing for the nation.

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