Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni, who advocates a socially conservative agenda, has publicly denounced surrogacy and associated LGBTQ+ rights. Meloni, Italy's first female prime minister and a member of the far-right Brothers of Italy party, promotes a traditional family structure, insisting that children should ideally be raised by a heterosexual couple. Her administration has previously attempted to block the registration of children from same-sex parents and has stoked divisive sentiments against the LGBT community.

Opponents of the law, including activist Franco Grillini, have voiced their outrage, arguing that this legislation undermines efforts to support families, especially in light of Italy's declining birth rate. Critics contend the ban will only push couples to seek surrogacy in secrecy, with many heterosexual couples already traveling abroad to avoid domestic restrictions.

In contrast, some lawmakers deny that the law is an attack on LGBTQ+ rights, claiming it aims to safeguard women's dignity and protect children. However, this justification has little resonance with affected couples who envision surrogacy as a viable path to parenthood.

As this law takes effect, experts caution that it could further marginalize LGBT families, leaving them in precarious legal positions upon returning to Italy with children. The complex landscape of surrogacy laws globally varies significantly; while surrogate arrangements are permitted in countries like the US and Canada, Italy stands alone in its comprehensive prohibition.

The passage of this law reflects not only Italy's shift towards conservative family policies but also raises questions about parental rights and reproductive freedoms in an increasingly divided society.

As these developments unfold, LGBTQ+ families and allies are left grappling with the reality of their limited options in Italy's hostile legal environment regarding surrogacy and reproductive rights.