This agreement, stemming from complex negotiations between pro-independence and pro-French factions, comes after widespread unrest that saw deadly protests where seven lives were lost, with many injured and significant economic damages incurred. The territory, vital for its substantial nickel reserves and its geopolitical position in the Pacific, will undergo a democratic process where both the French Parliament and New Caledonians will need to approve the terms.

While the initiative represents a step toward addressing the aspirations of the Indigenous Kanak population, many remain cautious about potential threats to their voting rights and aspirations for complete sovereignty. The proposed changes aim to navigate past conflicts and foster a renewed trust between France and New Caledonia while maintaining France's strategic interests in the region.