The UK government, under Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer, has signaled its intention to recognize a Palestinian state by September unless Israel makes significant moves to address the dire humanitarian situation in Gaza. At a recent news conference following an emergency cabinet meeting, Starmer emphasized that without a ceasefire, a commitment to long-term peace, and the resumption of humanitarian aid delivery facilitated by the United Nations, recognition would move forward at the upcoming UN General Assembly.
While Starmer noted that his government's primary goal is to improve conditions on the ground in Gaza, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu condemned the prospective recognition, labeling it as rewarding terrorism propagated by Hamas. The UK’s stance, however, reflects growing internal and external pressure for a prompt response to the deteriorating conditions faced by Palestinians.
Last week, France announced its plan to recognize a Palestinian state, prompting further scrutiny of the UK government's timeline, especially as 255 MPs have similarly urged for immediate recognition. Starmer's push comes amid fears that the prospect of a two-state solution is dwindling, and he articulated that it is crucial for Israel to renounce any intentions of West Bank annexations.
Meanwhile, both Hamas and Israel face expectations: Hamas must relinquish hostages and agree to disarmament, while Israel is urged not to view this recognition as a concession. Critics of Starmer’s planned recognition argue that it remains contingent on Israel's actions, which could detract from the immediate need for Palestinian self-determination.
International reactions have been mixed, with prevailing skepticism about the efficacy of recognizing a Palestinian state without robust leadership and governance structures in place. As humanitarian needs escalate—described by UN agencies as a "man-made mass starvation”—the UK's commitment to facilitating aid has also come under scrutiny. Foreign Secretary David Lammy has noted collaborative efforts to deliver aid to Gaza, although Israel asserts it does not restrict aid deliveries.
As diplomatic discussions continue, many view the UK's recognition plan as potentially symbolic unless paired with substantive actions addressing the leadership and rights of Palestinians.
