### Gaza Aid Distribution Faces Severe Challenges Amid Ongoing Conflict

Amid rampant strife in Gaza, the recently established aid distribution system faces accusations of worker threats and operational failures as the region grapples with severe shortages and violence.

The landscape of humanitarian aid in Gaza is becoming increasingly tumultuous as the Gaza Humanitarian Foundation, an organization created to circumvent traditional aid channels, reports allegations of threats from Hamas against its workers. This newly formed initiative commenced operations at the end of May, acting against the backdrop of intense military conflict that has devastated the region and left its two million residents in dire need of sustenance.

Over the weekend, the Foundation claimed that certain staff members were intimidated by Hamas, a group that has held control over Gaza since the military confrontation with Israel following the October 7 attacks in 2023. However, Hamas has vehemently denied these claims, alleging that the Foundation lacks impartiality and has not adhered to proper channels of aid distribution.

The situation on the ground has been perilous. Shootings near the aid distribution centers have tragically resulted in the deaths of nearly 50 individuals and injuries to around 300, showcasing the chaotic environment surrounding humanitarian efforts. The Israeli military has conceded to firing near populations that strayed from designated routes, intensifying the peril faced by those seeking aid amidst the tumult.

The ongoing conflict has wrought havoc throughout Gaza, demolishing urban infrastructure and forcing most of its inhabitants to evacuate multiple times. Restrictions on deliveries of crucial supplies, including food and fuel, were imposed by Israel in March as a tactical pressure against Hamas, only to be lifted in mid-May after a substantial blockade period. Humanitarian agencies warn that such measures have driven local residents to the brink of starvation.

As Israel restricts aid under the new operational framework led by the Gaza Humanitarian Foundation, the international community—including the United Nations—has expressed profound concern. Israel asserts that Hamas has previously diverted aid intended for civilians, a point the United Nations refutes, stating there is no substantiated evidence of systemic diversion.

In June 2025, the newly established system saw most aid flowing through its four distribution sites, managed by American security contractors under coordination with the Israeli military. However, this shift away from traditional UN-managed efforts has sparked controversy and a boycott by various humanitarian organizations, who contend that aid is being manipulated to further military objectives rather than addressing the immediate needs of the Gazan population.